CSS 中的 :hover 伪类用于当用户将鼠标光标悬停在某个元素上时将其定位到该元素。其目的是应用样式或触发特定行为，以增强用户体验或提供额外的视觉反馈。
:hover 是一种使交互元素更加动态和吸引人的工具，除了移动鼠标之外不需要任何用户输入.
适用范围
HTML 元素，例如按钮、链接、图像等。
DOM 语法
:hover {
/* ... */
} CSS :hover: Background-color
这是更改链接背景颜色的示例:
<html>
<head>
<style>
div {
padding: 1rem;
}
a {
background-color: rgb(238, 135, 9);
font-size: 1rem;
padding: 5px;
}
a:hover {
background-color: rgb(235, 235, 169);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<h3>悬停示例 - link</h3>
<a href="#">将鼠标悬停在上面即可看到颜色变化</a>
</div>
</body>
</html> CSS :hover: 使用按钮效果
这里是更改按钮背景颜色的示例:
<html>
<head>
<style>
div {
padding: 1rem;
}
button {
background-color: greenyellow;
font-size: large;
}
button:hover {
background-color: gold;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>悬停示例 - button</h3>
<button>鼠标悬停看看效果</button>
</div>
</body>
</html> CSS :hover: 带边框效果
这是一个示例，其中链接的边框在悬停时发生变化:
<html>
<head>
<style>
.link {
color: blue;
text-transform: uppercase;
padding: 20px;
border: 4px solid blue;
border-radius: 10px;
display: inline-block;
}
.link:hover {
color: #494949;
border-radius: 45px;
border-color: #494949;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>链接边框的悬停效果</h3>
<div class="button"><a class="link" href="#">悬停时检查我的边框</a></div>
</body>
</html> CSS :hover: box-shadow
下面是一个示例，其中 box-shadow 添加到悬停时的链接中:
<html>
<head>
<style>
a {
font-size: 2rem;
color: #071402;
margin: 0 .25rem;
padding: 0 .25rem;
transition: color .3s ease-in-out, box-shadow .3s ease-in-out;
}
a:hover {
box-shadow: inset 100px 0 0 100px #9ce2cc;
color: rgb(240, 32, 32);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<a href="#">鼠标悬停看看效果</a>
</div>
</body>
</html> CSS :hover: 使用背景效果
这是一个示例，其中背景在悬停时在链接上增长:
<html>
<head>
<style>
a {
text-decoration-line: underline;
color: #18272F;
font-size: 2rem;
position: relative;
}
a::before {
content: '';
background-color: rgba(118, 213, 83, 0.75);
font-size: 2rem;
position: absolute;
left: 0;
bottom: 3px;
width: 100%;
height: 10px;
z-index: -1;
transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
}
a:hover::before {
bottom: 0;
height: 100%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<a href="#">鼠标悬停看看效果</a>
</div>
</body>
</html> CSS :hover: 彩虹色效果
这里是例如，链接的下划线在悬停时提供彩虹色效果:
<html>
<head>
<style>
a {
color: black;
text-decoration: none;
}
a {
background:
linear-gradient(
to right,
rgb(179, 232, 168),
rgb(185, 162, 215)
),
linear-gradient(
to right,
rgba(255, 0, 0, 1),
rgba(255, 0, 180, 1),
rgba(0, 200, 50, 1)
);
background-size: 100% 5px, 0 5px;
background-position: 100% 100%, 0 100%;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
transition: background-size 700ms;
}
a:hover {
background-size: 0 5px, 100% 5px;
}
body {
display: grid;
font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Tahoma, sans-serif;
font-size: 2rem;
height: 100vh;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<a href="#">鼠标悬停看看效果</a>
</div>
</body>
</html> CSS :hover: 阴影效果
这里是一个示例，其中阴影效果被赋予悬停按钮:
<html>
<head>
<style>
body {
width: 100%;
height: 100vh;
display: grid;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
.glow {
padding: 10px;
width: 250px;
height: 50px;
border: none;
outline: none;
color: #fff;
background: #111;
cursor: pointer;
position: relative;
z-index: 0;
border-radius: 20px;
}
.glow:before {
content: '';
background: linear-gradient(60deg, #ff0000, #ff7300, #fffb00, #48ff00, #00ffd5, #002bff, #7a00ff, #ff00c8, #ff0000);
position: absolute;
top: -4px;
left:-4px;
background-size: 400%;
z-index: -1;
filter: blur(15px);
width: calc(100% + 6px);
height: calc(100% + 6px);
animation: glowing 20s linear infinite;
opacity: 0;
transition: opacity .3s ease-in-out;
border-radius: 10px;
}
.glow:active {
color: rgb(246, 235, 235)
}
.glow:active:after {
background: transparent;
}
.glow:hover:before {
opacity: 1;
}
.glow:after {
z-index: -1;
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: #111;
left: 0;
top: 0;
border-radius: 10px;
}
@keyframes glowing {
0% { background-position: 0 0; }
50% { background-position: 400% 0; }
100% { background-position: 0 0; }
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<button class="glow" type="button">将鼠标悬停并点击</button>
</body>
</html>