CSS 中的 :hover 伪类用于当用户将鼠标光标悬停在某个元素上时将其定位到该元素。其目的是应用样式或触发特定行为,以增强用户体验或提供额外的视觉反馈。

:hover 是一种使交互元素更加动态和吸引人的工具,除了移动鼠标之外不需要任何用户输入.

适用范围

HTML 元素,例如按钮、链接、图像等。

DOM 语法

:hover {
   /* ... */
} 

CSS :hover: Background-color

这是更改链接背景颜色的示例:

<html>
<head>
<style>
   div {
      padding: 1rem;
   }
   a {
      background-color: rgb(238, 135, 9);
      font-size: 1rem;
      padding: 5px;
   }
   a:hover {
      background-color: rgb(235, 235, 169);
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <div>
      <h3>悬停示例 - link</h3>
      <a href="#">将鼠标悬停在上面即可看到颜色变化</a>
   </div>
</body>
</html> 

CSS :hover: 使用按钮效果

这里是更改按钮背景颜色的示例:

<html>
<head>
<style>
   div {
      padding: 1rem;
   }
   button {
      background-color: greenyellow;
      font-size: large;
   }
   button:hover {
      background-color: gold;
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
      <h3>悬停示例 - button</h3>
      <button>鼠标悬停看看效果</button>
   </div>
</body>
</html> 

CSS :hover: 带边框效果

这是一个示例,其中链接的边框在悬停时发生变化:

<html>
<head>
<style>
   .link {
      color: blue;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      padding: 20px;
      border: 4px solid blue;
      border-radius: 10px;
      display: inline-block;
   }
   .link:hover {
      color: #494949;
      border-radius: 45px;
      border-color: #494949;
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <h3>链接边框的悬停效果</h3>
   <div class="button"><a class="link" href="#">悬停时检查我的边框</a></div>
</body>
</html> 

CSS :hover: box-shadow

下面是一个示例,其中 box-shadow 添加到悬停时的链接中:

<html>
<head>
<style>
   a {
      font-size: 2rem;
      color: #071402;
      margin: 0 .25rem;
      padding: 0 .25rem;
      transition: color .3s ease-in-out, box-shadow .3s ease-in-out;
   }
   a:hover {
      box-shadow: inset 100px 0 0 100px #9ce2cc;
      color: rgb(240, 32, 32);
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <div>
      <a href="#">鼠标悬停看看效果</a>
   </div>
</body>
</html> 

CSS :hover: 使用背景效果

这是一个示例,其中背景在悬停时在链接上增长:

<html>
<head>
<style>
   a {
      text-decoration-line: underline;
      color: #18272F;
      font-size: 2rem;
      position: relative;
   }
   a::before {
      content: '';
      background-color: rgba(118, 213, 83, 0.75);
      font-size: 2rem;
      position: absolute;
      left: 0;
      bottom: 3px;
      width: 100%;
      height: 10px;
      z-index: -1;
      transition: all .5s ease-in-out;
   }
   a:hover::before {
      bottom: 0;
      height: 100%;
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <div>
      <a href="#">鼠标悬停看看效果</a>
   </div>
</body>
</html> 

CSS :hover: 彩虹色效果

这里是例如,链接的下划线在悬停时提供彩虹色效果:

<html>
<head>
<style>
   a {
      color: black;
      text-decoration: none;
      }
   a {
      background:
      linear-gradient(
      to right,
      rgb(179, 232, 168),
      rgb(185, 162, 215)
      ),
      linear-gradient(
      to right,
      rgba(255, 0, 0, 1),
      rgba(255, 0, 180, 1),
      rgba(0, 200, 50, 1)
      );
      background-size: 100% 5px, 0 5px;
      background-position: 100% 100%, 0 100%;
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      transition: background-size 700ms;
   }
   a:hover {
      background-size: 0 5px, 100% 5px;
   }
   body {
      display: grid;
      font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Tahoma, sans-serif;
      font-size: 2rem;
      height: 100vh;
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <div>
      <a href="#">鼠标悬停看看效果</a>
   </div>
</body>
</html> 

CSS :hover: 阴影效果

这里是一个示例,其中阴影效果被赋予悬停按钮:

<html>
<head>
<style>
   body {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100vh;
      display: grid;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
   }
   .glow {
      padding: 10px;
      width: 250px;
      height: 50px;
      border: none;
      outline: none;
      color: #fff;
      background: #111;
      cursor: pointer;
      position: relative;
      z-index: 0;
      border-radius: 20px;
   }
   .glow:before {
      content: '';
      background: linear-gradient(60deg, #ff0000, #ff7300, #fffb00, #48ff00, #00ffd5, #002bff, #7a00ff, #ff00c8, #ff0000);
      position: absolute;
      top: -4px;
      left:-4px;
      background-size: 400%;
      z-index: -1;
      filter: blur(15px);
      width: calc(100% + 6px);
      height: calc(100% + 6px);
      animation: glowing 20s linear infinite;
      opacity: 0;
      transition: opacity .3s ease-in-out;
      border-radius: 10px;
   }
   .glow:active {
      color: rgb(246, 235, 235)
   }
   .glow:active:after {
      background: transparent;
   }
   .glow:hover:before {
      opacity: 1;
   }
   .glow:after {
      z-index: -1;
      content: '';
      position: absolute;
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      background: #111;
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      border-radius: 10px;
   }
   @keyframes glowing {
      0% { background-position: 0 0; }
      50% { background-position: 400% 0; }
      100% { background-position: 0 0; }
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <button class="glow" type="button">将鼠标悬停并点击</button>
</body>
</html>